警惕“脚趾症”或是新冠感染症状

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去年以来，全球多国医生发现新冠病毒感染者有时会出现“新冠脚趾”症状，脚趾肿胀发炎并且发紫。科学家近日在《英国皮肤病学杂志》上发表研究称这一现象与免疫反应有关。

　　

　　Study reveals why some people get Covid toe condition

　　Scientists believe they can explain why some people who catch Covid develop chilblain-like lesions on their toes and even fingers.

　　科学家们相信，他们可以解释为什么一些新冠病毒感染者的脚趾甚至手指会出现类似冻疮病变。

　　Covid toe appears to be a side effect of the body switching into attack mode to fight off the virus.

　　“新冠脚趾”似乎是人体为抵御新冠病毒进入攻击模式而产生的副作用。

　　The researchers say they have pinpointed the parts of the immune system that appear to be involved. The findings, in the British Journal of Dermatology, may help with treatments to ease the symptoms.

　　研究人员称已确定免疫系统中与此有关的部分。这项发现发表在《英国皮肤病学》杂志上，可能有助于相关症状的治疗。

　　What is Covid toe?

　　什么是“新冠脚趾”？

　　It can happen at any age, but affects children and teenagers more commonly.

　　它可能发生在任何年龄段，但更常见于儿童和青少年。

　　For some it is painless, but the rash can be extremely sore and itchy, with tender blisters and swelling.

　　对部分患者来讲没有痛感，但皮疹可能会非常疼痛或瘙痒，并伴有轻微水泡和肿胀的情况出现。

　　Sofia, who is 13 and from Clackmannanshire in Scotland, was barely able to walk or wear shoes when she developed Covid toe earlier this year.

　　13岁的索菲亚来自苏格兰的克拉克曼南郡，今年年初，当她出现“新冠脚趾”症状时几乎无法穿鞋或走路。

　　Over the summer, she relied on a wheelchair for longer walks.

　　整个夏天，她如果需要进行长时间行走，就得靠轮椅。

　　The affected skin - usually the toes, but sometimes the fingers - can look red or purple. Some people develop painful raised bumps or areas of rough skin. There can also be pus. Some have it for months, others for weeks.

　　这种症状通常出现在脚趾部分的皮肤，但有时是手指，看起来呈红色或紫色。有些人会出现有痛感的隆起肿块或皮肤粗糙区域，甚至可能有脓。有人的症状持续数月，有些则持续数周。

　　Often, they will have none of the classic Covid symptoms, such as the persistent cough, fever and loss or change in smell or taste.

　　通常情况下，他们不会有持续咳嗽、发烧和嗅觉或味觉丧失或改变这些典型的新冠症状。

　　

　　Why does it happen?

　　为什么会发生这种情况？

　　These latest study findings, based on blood and skin tests, suggest two parts of the immune system may be at play.

　　基于对血液和皮肤测试的最新研究结果表明，免疫系统的两个部分可能在发挥作用。

　　Both involve mechanisms the body uses to fight coronavirus.

　　两者都涉及身体对抗新冠病毒的机制。

　　One is an antiviral protein called type 1 interferon, and the other is a type of antibody that mistakenly attacks the person's own cells and tissues, not just the invading virus.

　　一个是被称为第一型干扰素（type 1 interferon）的抗病毒蛋白，另一个是一种不仅攻击病毒，也错误攻击人体自身细胞和组织的抗体。

　　Cells lining small blood vessels supplying the affected areas are also involved, say the investigators from the University of Paris, France.

　　法国巴黎大学的调查人员称，供应受影响区域的小血管内衬细胞也参与其中。

　　The researchers studied 50 people with suspected Covid toe in the spring of 2020, and 13 others with similar chilblains lesions that were not linked to Covid infections, because they occurred long before the pandemic began. They hope the finds will help patients and doctors better understand the condition.

　　研究人员在去年春季，对50名疑似出现新冠脚趾的患者，以及另外13名出现与新冠感染无关的类似冻疮病变患者展开研究，希望这些发现能够帮助患者和医生更好地了解病情。

　　UK podiatrist Dr Ivan Bristow said, for most - like the regular chilblains typically seen during cold spells and in people who have problems with circulation - the lesions usually go away on their own.

　　英国足科医生伊万·布里斯托（Ivan Bristow）医生说，对大多数人来说，它就像通常在寒流中看到的普通冻疮和有血液循环问题的人一样，这种病变通常会自行消失。

　　But some may need treatment with creams and other drugs.

　　但有些人可能需要用药膏和其他药物治疗。

　　"The confirmation of the cause will help to develop new treatments to manage it more effectively," he said.

　　他说：“病因的确认将有助于开发新的治疗方法，以更有效地针对治疗。”

　　Dr Veronique Bataille, a consultant dermatologist and spokeswoman for the British Skin Foundation, said Covid toe was seen very frequently during the early phase of the pandemic, but has been less common in the current Delta variant wave.

英国皮肤基金会发言人、皮肤科顾问巴塔伊（Veronique Bataille）医生说，在新冠疫情的早期阶段，“新冠脚趾”非常常见，但在目前由德尔塔变异毒株引发的疫情浪潮中已不太常见。

　　That might be down to more people being vaccinated or having some protection against Covid from past infections.

　　这可能是由于更多人接种疫苗或从过去的感染中获得一些保护。

　　"Presentations after vaccination are much rarer," she said.

　　她说：“接种疫苗后出现此种症状的情况要少得多。”

　　Covid-related skin problems can appear quite a while after the acute infection and in people who have no other symptoms, so the link with the virus is sometimes not made, she said.

　　“与新冠有关的皮肤问题可能在急性感染后相当长的时间内出现，而且是在没有其他症状的人身上出现，因此它与新冠病毒的联系很难被发现。”

来源：新浪网